ASE B4

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
AND DAMAGE REPAIR

Master frame inspection, unibody measurement, stationary glass, and structural welding to conquer the exam.

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B4 Sample Flashcards

Click a card to reveal the answer.

Datum Line
An imaginary flat reference plane beneath the vehicle used for vertical measurements.
Centerline
An imaginary line running down the middle of the vehicle used for width measurements.
Sway Damage
When the front or rear section of the vehicle is pushed to one side.
UHSS Rule
Ultra High-Strength Steel typically cannot be heated or straightened; replace only.
STRSW
Squeeze-Type Resistance Spot Welding. Mirrors factory spot welds.
Diamond Condition
When one side of the vehicle is pushed back further than the other.
Urethane
The specific structural adhesive used to bond stationary glass to the pinch weld.
Sectioning
Replacing a damaged portion of a structural panel rather than the entire part.

ASE B4 Structural Analysis Overview

ASE B4 Task List Categories

Certification Test
60 Total Questions
50 Scored • 10 Unscored • 75 Minutes
Recertification Test
25 Questions
30 Minutes • Must pass cert first
This test counts toward ASE Master Collision Repair & Refinish Technician status. You must pass B2, B3, B4, and B5 to earn Master status.
Scored Question Distribution (50 questions)
32%
36%
8%
24%
A. Frame
B. Unibody
C. Stationary Glass
D. Welding & Cutting
  • A. Frame Inspection and Repair 16 Qs • 32%
    1. Diagnose, repair, verify, and document repairs on underbody and upperbody structural damage using three-dimensional measuring systems (mechanical, electronic/computerized, laser), and dedicated or universal fixtures, in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    2. Check the vehicle with a tram gauge to determine further diagnostic procedures.
    3. Lift, anchor, and support vehicle for repair and realignment.
    4. Repair and align mash/collapse damage (change in length from body zero).
    5. Repair and align sag/kickup damage (change in height from datum).
    6. Repair and align sidesway/sway damage (change in width from centerline).
    7. Repair and align twist damage (vertical misalignment in the center section).
    8. Repair and align diamond damage.
    9. Diagnose, repair, or replace damaged frame, frame horns, side rails, cross members, frame brackets, supplemental restraint system (SRS) and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) sensor mounting locations, and front, rear, or center sections in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    10. Replace protective coatings, restore corrosion protection to repaired or replaced frame areas and anchoring locations.
    11. Repair or replace stress-cracked frame members in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    12. Diagnose damaged mounting locations for steering, suspension, and powertrain components, which can cause vibration, steering, and wheel alignment problems, in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    13. Perform stress-relieving procedures in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    14. Determine the direction of impact and the extent of direct and indirect damage.
    15. Identify the frame type and composition; plan the methods and sequence of repair in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
  • B. Unibody and Unitized Structure Inspection, Measurement, and Repair 18 Qs • 36%
    1. Diagnose, repair, verify, and document repairs on underbody and upperbody structural damage using three-dimensional measuring systems (mechanical, electronic/computerized, laser), and dedicated or universal fixtures, in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    2. Check the vehicle with a tram gauge to determine further diagnostic procedures.
    3. Lift, anchor, and support vehicle for repair and realignment.
    4. Repair and align mash/collapse damage (change in length from body zero).
    5. Repair and align sag/kickup damage (change in height from datum).
    6. Repair and align sidesway/sway damage (change in width from centerline).
    7. Repair and align twist damage (vertical misalignment in center section).
    8. Diagnose damaged mounting locations for steering, suspension, and powertrain components, which can cause vibration, steering, and wheel alignment problems, in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    9. Identify, diagnose, repair, or replace the supplemental restraint system (SRS) and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) sensor component mounting locations (collision avoidance, adaptive cruise control, park assist, etc.).
    10. Determine the direction of impact and the extent of direct and indirect damage.
    11. Identify the structural composition; plan the methods and sequence of repair, in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    12. Repair, align, and/or replace center section components (cowl, bulkhead, roof, roof rails, pillars, floor, stationary glass openings, door openings, rocker panels, and crossmembers).
    13. Repair, align, and/or replace rear section components (quarter panels, rear compartment opening, package shelf, wheelhouse assemblies, rear body panel, rails, floor pans, crossmembers, and the mounting points of suspension and powertrain components).
    14. Repair, align, and/or replace front section components (aprons, strut towers, upper and lower rails, crossmembers, and the mounting points of steering, suspension, and powertrain components).
    15. Perform stress-relieving procedures in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    16. Replace protective coatings; restore corrosion protection to repaired or replaced unibody structural areas and anchoring locations.
    17. Restore noise, vibration, harshness (NVH) materials and structural foams in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
  • C. Stationary Glass 4 Qs • 8%
    1. Identify, remove and/or replace front and rear modular/stationary glass, including heated, non-heated, and glass equipped with electronic accessories (cellular, satellite, collision avoidance, antenna, rain sensor, etc.) in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    2. Identify, remove and/or replace side and roof modular/stationary glass including glass equipped with electronic accessories in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    3. Determine correct pinch weld preparation, adhesive selection and application in accordance with vehicle manufacturer specific procedures/adhesive manufacturer directions for use.
  • D. Welding, Cutting, and Joining 12 Qs • 24%
    1. Identify structural composition; determine the correct joining process in accordance with vehicle manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    2. Set up and adjust welding equipment for the material to be welded (steel, aluminum).
    3. Determine proper welding technique (push, pull, and gun angle) for the type of welds being made.
    4. Determine correct welding process in accordance with vehicle manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines (GMAW, MIG/MAG, MIG brazing, Squeeze-Type Resistance Spot); identify the electrode, wire type, diameter, and gas to be used in specific welding situations.
    5. Protect all vehicle systems and components from damage during welding and cutting operations.
    6. Prepare the metal to be joined; assure good joint fit-up.
    7. Identify the type of weld/bonded joint (butt, butt with backing, lap, etc.) for the repair being made.
    8. Determine the correct type of weld (continuous, stitch, skip, plug, spot, etc.) and preparation for each specific welding operation.
    9. Identify the causes of welding defects (burn through, cracks in metal, cratering, porosity, improper penetration, excessive spatter, distortion, and waviness of bead); make necessary adjustments.
    10. Identify the proper cutting process (abrasive, mechanical, plasma arc) for different materials and locations in accordance with manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    11. Remove damaged structural steel and aluminum components; replace in accordance with vehicle manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    12. Restore protective coatings; restore corrosion protection before or after welding operation.
    13. Remove and install welding/weld-bonded panels according to manufacturer specific procedures/industry guidelines.
    14. Perform test weld; visually evaluate and destructive test each weld type (continuous, skip, STRSW, plug, etc.).
    15. Identify structural composition; determine correct riveting process (rivet joining, rivet bonding, etc.), size and type of rivet, and adhesive to be used in specific joining situations in accordance with vehicle manufacturer specific procedures/adhesive manufacturer directions for use.
    16. Set up, adjust, and test rivet equipment for the material to be joined.

ASE B4 Key Terminology

Click any term below to reveal its exact definition:

Datum Line Centerline UHSS STRSW Sectioning Diamond Condition Sway Mash Sag Pinch Weld