Module 4 of 4

Mask, Protect & Coatings

[VISUAL PLACEHOLDER] Module 4 banner: masked vehicle, stone-chip coating on a rocker, trim removed for blending.

MASK, PROTECT & COATINGS (The 30-second Lesson Overview)

MaskingProtect everything you are not refinishing with paper, plastic, tape, or liquid mask. Mask to prevent overspray and hard edges.
Blend prepFor a blend, scuff the adjacent panel correctly; for full clear, remove trim and abrade edge to edge.
Stone-chip coatingTextured chip-resistant coating on rockers and lower panels, applied per the maker's instructions.
Corrosion coatingsRestore corrosion protection on repaired areas, including cavity wax inside closed panels.
Trim, decals, moldingsRemove or properly mask trim, and remove/replace decals, tapes, and pinstripes.
Goal: protect the rest of the vehicle, prepare adjacent panels for a clean blend, restore protective coatings, and handle trim and decals correctly.
๐Ÿ’ก Did you know? Masking tape was invented for body shops. In 1925 a 3M engineer, Richard Drew, created it after watching painters struggle with two-tone car jobs. The auto refinish trade is literally where masking tape was born.
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Safety first

The skills

[VISUAL PLACEHOLDER] A properly masked vehicle: paper, plastic, fine-line tape, liquid mask.

Mask & protect areas that will not be refinished

ASE Surface Prep Task ยท A15"Mask and protect other areas and panels that will not be refinished."What it means: cover everything you are not painting so overspray and hard edges cannot ruin it.
Why it matters: Masking keeps overspray off glass, trim, jambs, and adjacent panels and controls where the paint edge lands. Bad masking means rework and tape tracking.
How it's done: Cover everything you are not refinishing with quality paper, plastic, and tape, use back-taping or reverse masking for soft blend edges, and seal all gaps.
What you need: Automotive masking paper and plastic, quality masking tape, fine-line tape, and liquid mask where useful, on a clean surface so the tape holds.
โš  Common Pitfalls
  • Using cheap or wrong tape and paper that bleed, lift, or leave adhesive and tape tracking.
  • Reverse-masking or back-taping incorrectly, leaving a hard paint edge instead of a soft blend line.
  • Leaving gaps, so overspray gets onto glass, trim, jambs, and adjacent panels.
  • Masking over a dirty surface so the tape lifts, or leaving tape on too long in the heat so it bakes on.
Key pointsUse automotive masking paper, plastic sheeting, tape, and liquid mask as the barriers. Heavy canvas tarps are not a primary masking barrier. Mask wide enough to stop overspray and soft enough to avoid hard edges where you need a blend.
How to Do It (Step by Step)
  1. Clean first; tape does not stick to a dirty panel and can cause tracking.
  2. Mask the perimeter wide enough that overspray cannot reach unprotected surfaces.
  3. Use fine-line tape at paint edges and reverse/foam masking where you will blend.
  4. Cover glass, openings, and the engine bay with paper, plastic, or liquid mask.
๐ŸŽฌ Video demo + narration
Film this procedure (or build a narrated slideshow from the step images). Save as ase_b2a_mask_demo.mp4 in this category's images folder, then swap this box for a <video> player.
Narration script (read in order):
  1. Clean first; tape does not stick to a dirty panel and can cause tracking.
  2. Mask the perimeter wide enough that overspray cannot reach unprotected surfaces.
  3. Use fine-line tape at paint edges and reverse/foam masking where you will blend.
  4. Cover glass, openings, and the engine bay with paper, plastic, or liquid mask.
๐Ÿ“ท Step-by-step image prompts โ€” consistent series (generate in one session; reuse the same subject/style reference so every step matches)
Step 1 โ€” save as ase_b2a_mask_s11.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Clean first; tape does not stick to a dirty panel and can cause tracking. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 2 โ€” save as ase_b2a_mask_s21.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Mask the perimeter wide enough that overspray cannot reach unprotected surfaces. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 3 โ€” save as ase_b2a_mask_s31.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Use fine-line tape at paint edges and reverse/foam masking where you will blend. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 4 โ€” save as ase_b2a_mask_s41.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Cover glass, openings, and the engine bay with paper, plastic, or liquid mask. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.

Remember: Mask wide to stop overspray, mask soft where you blend.

๐Ÿ”ง Practice in the Lab: Mask for a blend

GoalMask a panel for a basecoat blend with full clear, using soft (reverse/foam) edges where needed.
Skill checkOverspray is contained, no hard tape ridge in the blend zone, and the adjacent panel is scuffed edge to edge.
[VISUAL PLACEHOLDER] Adjacent panel scuffed edge-to-edge with trim removed for a clear blend.

Prepare adjacent areas for blending

ASE Surface Prep Task ยท A16"Identify and prepare adjacent panels and other areas for blending."What it means: scuff and prep the next panel edge to edge so a basecoat blend and clearcoat go on invisibly.
Why it matters: For an invisible blend the clear has to grip the next panel, so the blend zone must be scuffed edge to edge. Miss it and the clear delaminates.
How it's done: Scuff the adjacent blend area thoroughly with the right pad so there is bite everywhere the clear will land, then keep it clean.
What you need: Scuff pads and blend prep, clean compressed air, and wax and grease remover, plus gloves and a respirator.
โš  Common Pitfalls
  • Not scuffing the blend zone enough, so the clear has nothing to grip and delaminates at the edge.
  • Scuffing with too coarse a pad, leaving scratches that show in the finished blend.
  • Stopping the scuff short of where the clear will actually land, leaving a glossy un-prepped ring.
  • Contaminating the blend area after scuffing with handprints or dust.
Key pointsFor a basecoat blend with full clear over the adjacent panel, remove the trim and abrade the entire surface edge to edge so the clear has a bond everywhere it lands.
How to Do It (Step by Step)
  1. Remove trim pieces rather than masking over them where possible.
  2. Scuff the whole adjacent surface that the clear will cover, edge to edge, with a fine scuff pad/grit.
  3. Clean and tack.
  4. Plan the blend area so the color fades out before the clear edge.
๐ŸŽฌ Video demo + narration
Film this procedure (or build a narrated slideshow from the step images). Save as ase_b2a_blendprep_demo.mp4 in this category's images folder, then swap this box for a <video> player.
Narration script (read in order):
  1. Remove trim pieces rather than masking over them where possible.
  2. Scuff the whole adjacent surface that the clear will cover, edge to edge, with a fine scuff pad/grit.
  3. Clean and tack.
  4. Plan the blend area so the color fades out before the clear edge.
๐Ÿ“ท Step-by-step image prompts โ€” consistent series (generate in one session; reuse the same subject/style reference so every step matches)
Step 1 โ€” save as ase_b2a_blendprep_s11.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Remove trim pieces rather than masking over them where possible. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 2 โ€” save as ase_b2a_blendprep_s21.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Scuff the whole adjacent surface that the clear will cover, edge to edge, with a fine scuff pad/grit. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 3 โ€” save as ase_b2a_blendprep_s31.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Clean and tack. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 4 โ€” save as ase_b2a_blendprep_s41.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Plan the blend area so the color fades out before the clear edge. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.

Remember: Clear has to grip everywhere it lands, so scuff the whole panel, not just the blend zone.

[VISUAL PLACEHOLDER] Textured stone-chip coating sprayed on a lower rocker panel.

Apply stone-chip resistant coating

ASE Surface Prep Task ยท A17"Apply stone chip-resistant coating."What it means: restore the textured chip-guard on rockers and lower panels, matched to the factory texture per the product.
Why it matters: Stone-chip (chip-resistant) coating protects rockers and lower panels and recreates the factory texture. Off-spec, it neither matches nor protects.
How it's done: Over a primed, clean surface, apply the chip-resistant coating to the maker's thickness and texture, then prime or topcoat as the system requires.
What you need: Stone-chip or chip-guard coating and its applicator, and primer, plus a respirator and gloves.
โš  Common Pitfalls
  • Applying it outside the maker's instructions (wrong thickness or texture), so it neither matches the factory look nor protects properly.
  • Coating over a dirty or unprimed surface, so it peels.
  • Texturing it too heavy or too light, so the rocker does not match the other side of the vehicle.
  • Topcoating before it is ready, or not topcoating it where the system requires.
Key pointsTextured chip-resistant coatings protect rockers and lower panels from road debris. They are applied following the specific product maker's instructions, not mixed into the basecoat or sprayed over the final clear.
How to Do It (Step by Step)
  1. Prep and prime the area as the product requires.
  2. Mask the texture line cleanly.
  3. Apply the chip-guard coating per the maker's instructions to match the factory texture.
  4. Topcoat as directed if the product is paintable.
๐ŸŽฌ Video demo + narration
Film this procedure (or build a narrated slideshow from the step images). Save as ase_b2a_stonechip_demo.mp4 in this category's images folder, then swap this box for a <video> player.
Narration script (read in order):
  1. Prep and prime the area as the product requires.
  2. Mask the texture line cleanly.
  3. Apply the chip-guard coating per the maker's instructions to match the factory texture.
  4. Topcoat as directed if the product is paintable.
๐Ÿ“ท Step-by-step image prompts โ€” consistent series (generate in one session; reuse the same subject/style reference so every step matches)
Step 1 โ€” save as ase_b2a_stonechip_s11.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Prep and prime the area as the product requires. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 2 โ€” save as ase_b2a_stonechip_s21.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Mask the texture line cleanly. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 3 โ€” save as ase_b2a_stonechip_s31.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Apply the chip-guard coating per the maker's instructions to match the factory texture. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 4 โ€” save as ase_b2a_stonechip_s41.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Topcoat as directed if the product is paintable. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.

Remember: Chip-guard goes on per the product instructions and matched to the factory texture.

๐Ÿ”ง Practice in the Lab: Apply a stone-chip coating

GoalMask the texture line and apply chip-guard to a rocker per the product instructions, matched to the factory texture.
Skill checkTexture matches the factory look and the edge line is clean.
[VISUAL PLACEHOLDER] Restoring corrosion protection: cavity wax wand inside a closed panel.

Restore corrosion protection

ASE Surface Prep Task ยท A18"Restore corrosion protection to the repaired area."What it means: put back the corrosion protection repair removed, inside and out, including cavity wax in closed panels.
Why it matters: Collision repair opens up bare metal and closed cavities. Restoring corrosion protection, including cavity wax, is what keeps the repair from rusting from the inside out.
How it's done: Apply the correct anti-corrosion coatings to repaired and exposed areas and cavity wax inside closed panels, without blocking drains or running onto finished surfaces.
What you need: Cavity wax with a wand, anti-corrosion or weld-through primer, and corrosion-resistant coatings, plus a respirator and gloves.
โš  Common Pitfalls
  • Forgetting cavity wax inside closed panels after a repair, so they rust from the inside out.
  • Applying corrosion coatings over bare or contaminated metal without the correct treatment first.
  • Blocking drain holes or over-applying so the material runs onto finished surfaces.
  • Skipping weld-through primer or anti-corrosion steps on repaired seams.
Key pointsRepairs remove factory corrosion protection, so it has to be restored. Cavity wax is sprayed inside closed structural panels to restore the corrosion protection that welding and repair removed.
How to Do It (Step by Step)
  1. Apply weld-through primer and seam sealer during the repair as specified.
  2. Restore corrosion-resistant coatings to the repaired exterior areas.
  3. Spray cavity wax inside closed panels and rails through access holes.
  4. Follow the vehicle maker's corrosion-protection procedure.
๐ŸŽฌ Video demo + narration
Film this procedure (or build a narrated slideshow from the step images). Save as ase_b2a_corrosionprot_demo.mp4 in this category's images folder, then swap this box for a <video> player.
Narration script (read in order):
  1. Apply weld-through primer and seam sealer during the repair as specified.
  2. Restore corrosion-resistant coatings to the repaired exterior areas.
  3. Spray cavity wax inside closed panels and rails through access holes.
  4. Follow the vehicle maker's corrosion-protection procedure.
๐Ÿ“ท Step-by-step image prompts โ€” consistent series (generate in one session; reuse the same subject/style reference so every step matches)
Step 1 โ€” save as ase_b2a_corrosionprot_s11.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Apply weld-through primer and seam sealer during the repair as specified. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 2 โ€” save as ase_b2a_corrosionprot_s21.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Restore corrosion-resistant coatings to the repaired exterior areas. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 3 โ€” save as ase_b2a_corrosionprot_s31.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Spray cavity wax inside closed panels and rails through access holes. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 4 โ€” save as ase_b2a_corrosionprot_s41.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Follow the vehicle maker's corrosion-protection procedure. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.

Remember: If repair removed the corrosion protection, you have to put it back, inside and out.

๐Ÿ”ง Practice in the Lab: Restore corrosion protection

GoalRestore exterior corrosion coatings and spray cavity wax inside a closed panel through the access holes.
Skill checkBare/repaired metal is protected and the inside of the panel is coated.
[VISUAL PLACEHOLDER] Removing a body-side molding and the leftover tape adhesive.

Trim, moldings, decals & pinstripes

ASE Surface Prep Task ยท A19"Remove and replace exterior trim, moldings, and decals necessary for proper refinishing."What it means: take trim and decals off rather than masking around them, for a clean edge and better adhesion.
Why it matters: Removing trim instead of masking over it gives a clean paint edge and keeps overspray out from under moldings, and decals must go on cured, clean paint to stick straight.
How it's done: Remove moldings and trim with the right tools (and a little heat where needed) before painting, then after curing position and apply decals and pinstripes measured and straight.
What you need: Trim and clip removal tools, a heat source, replacement clips as needed, and the decals or pinstripes, plus gloves.
โš  Common Pitfalls
  • Masking over moldings instead of removing them, which leaves a paint edge and traps overspray under the trim.
  • Breaking clips or trim on removal because the right tool or a little heat was not used.
  • Applying decals or pinstripes over uncured or contaminated paint, so they will not stick.
  • Not measuring and positioning a decal before committing, leaving it crooked.
Key pointsBest practice is to remove trim and moldings rather than mask over them, then remove and reapply decals, tapes, and pinstripes as needed. Removing trim gives a cleaner edge and better adhesion.
How to Do It (Step by Step)
  1. Remove moldings, emblems, and trim; gentle heat softens adhesive for clean removal.
  2. Remove leftover adhesive with an eraser wheel without scratching the panel.
  3. Refinish, then reinstall or replace trim and apply new decals/pinstripes.
๐ŸŽฌ Video demo + narration
Film this procedure (or build a narrated slideshow from the step images). Save as ase_b2a_trim_demo.mp4 in this category's images folder, then swap this box for a <video> player.
Narration script (read in order):
  1. Remove moldings, emblems, and trim; gentle heat softens adhesive for clean removal.
  2. Remove leftover adhesive with an eraser wheel without scratching the panel.
  3. Refinish, then reinstall or replace trim and apply new decals/pinstripes.
๐Ÿ“ท Step-by-step image prompts โ€” consistent series (generate in one session; reuse the same subject/style reference so every step matches)
Step 1 โ€” save as ase_b2a_trim_s11.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Remove moldings, emblems, and trim; gentle heat softens adhesive for clean removal. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 2 โ€” save as ase_b2a_trim_s21.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Remove leftover adhesive with an eraser wheel without scratching the panel. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.
Step 3 โ€” save as ase_b2a_trim_s31.jpg: Create an image showing this exact step in an automotive refinishing lesson: Refinish, then reinstall or replace trim and apply new decals/pinstripes. CONSISTENT SERIES STYLE (keep identical across every step): the SAME refinish technician (same face and build, navy shop uniform), the SAME clean, brightly lit collision-repair booth, the SAME medium working camera distance and soft, even lighting. If a technician or hands appear, show correct PPE for the task. Photorealistic, true-to-life color, no text, no watermark. Aspect ratio 16:9.

Remember: Remove the trim when you can. Masking over it traps an edge and hides contamination.

๐Ÿ”ง Practice in the Lab: Remove and reinstall trim

GoalRemove a molding with gentle heat, clean the old adhesive with an eraser wheel, then reinstall/replace it.
Skill checkTrim comes off undamaged, adhesive is removed without scratching, and it goes back on straight.
Check what you learned

Masking

Which material is LEAST likely to be used as a primary barrier when masking a vehicle against overspray?

Heavy canvas tarps. Masking uses paper, plastic, tape, and liquid mask. Canvas tarps shed lint and do not seal edges.

Blend prep

What is required when preparing an adjacent panel for a basecoat blend with full clearcoat?

Remove trim and abrade edge to edge. The clear covers the whole panel, so the whole panel must be scuffed for adhesion, with trim removed for a clean edge.

Stone-chip coating

What is the proper procedure for applying textured stone-chip resistant coatings to lower rocker panels?

Follow the product maker's instructions. Chip-guard products vary; application and topcoating steps come from that product's data sheet, matched to the factory texture.

Corrosion protection

After collision repairs, what is the primary purpose of spraying cavity wax inside closed structural panels?

Restore lost corrosion protection. Welding and repair burn off and remove factory coatings inside panels; cavity wax puts that protection back.

Trim & moldings

Two techs discuss prepping around exterior moldings. Tech A says best practice is to remove the trim. Tech B says removing it gives a cleaner edge and better adhesion than masking over it. Who is right?

Both. Removing trim is the best practice and it does give a cleaner edge and better adhesion than trying to mask around it.

# Numbers & Specs for this module

Masking materials: use automotive masking paper, plastic sheeting, fine-line and masking tape, and liquid mask. Heavy canvas tarps are not a primary barrier (they shed lint and do not seal edges). Mask wide to stop overspray and soft (reverse/foam) where you blend.

Stone-chip coating: apply textured chip-resistant coating per the product maker's instructions, matched to the factory texture โ€” not mixed into the basecoat and not over the final clear.

Corrosion protection: restore coatings on repaired areas and spray cavity wax inside closed panels after repair. Follow the vehicle maker's corrosion procedure.